Retinal impairment is a most cause of blindness in the world. Stem cells therapy is a new window for rescue the impaired retina. Adult stem cells due to no ethical and immunological problem are one of the choices for replacement therapy.

Bone marrow stromal stem cells extracted from male pigmented hooded rats and after cultivation, differentiated to neural stem cells. Then NSCs again differentiated to retinal pigmented epithelium after immunocytochemical and molecular confirmation, labeled with BrdU and injected via trans-scholarly approach into the subretinal space of the RPE degeneration model. After 90 days immunohistochemical and electrophysiological test performed for tracing cells and functionality of them.

Results showed that labeled RPE cells survive, migrate and integrated into host RPE layer and could rescue the neurosensory retina. b-wave and a-wave increased after 90 days n contrast to control group. Thickness of the neurosensory retina increased and outer nuclear layer cells count showed an increase in the number of ONL cells.

Adult stem cells that differentiated into functional RPE cells could integrate into the host retina and RPE layer. These cells could be functional in vivo and are the best choice for autologous cell therapy in retinal degenerative disease.